Present Perfect Simple
The present perfect simple expresses an action that is still going on or that stopped recently, but has an influence on the present. It puts emphasis on the result.
Form of Present Perfect
Positive | Negative | Question | |
---|---|---|---|
I / you / we / they | I have spoken. | I have not spoken. | Have I spoken? |
he / she / it | He has spoken. | He has not spoken. | Has he spoken? |
Exceptions in Spelling when Adding ‘ed’
Exceptions in spelling when adding ed | Example | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
after a final e only add d | love – loved | |||||||
final consonant after a short, stressed vowel or l as final consonant after a vowel is doubled | admit – admitted travel – travelled | |||||||
final y after a consonant becomes i | hurry – hurried | Simple PresentFORM[VERB] + s/es in third person Examples: Complete List of Simple Present Forms
USE 1 Repeated ActionsUse the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do. Examples:
USE 2 Facts or GeneralizationsThe Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things. Examples:
USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near FutureSpeakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well. Examples:
USE 4 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs. Examples:
ADVERB PLACEMENTThe examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc. Examples:
ACTIVE / PASSIVE Examples: More About Active / Passive Forms
EXERCISES AND RELATED TOPICS
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